Since his forces seized the city of Kherson and its surrounding areas in March, Vladimir Putin has planned to absorb them into what he envisions as Greater Russia. To that end he has introduced Russian state TV to Kherson, issued Russian passports to locals (without which they're unable to access government services), established the ruble as currency, changed Ukrainian school curricula to Russian, installed pro-Russian citizens in government positions, and crushed dissent by arresting, torturing and executing political leaders considered a threat to absolute Russian control.
Now Putin is approaching the finish line in pursuit of that goal. A pro-Russian newspaper in the neighboring province of Zaporizhzhia headlined an edition last week as "The referendum will be!" On Russian state television last weekend, a report announced that "everything is being done to ensure that Kherson returns to its historical homeland as soon as possible." The final push is on to incorporate — via illicit referenda — the provinces of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia in the south and Luhansk and Donetsk in the east. This week Russian-appointed authorities in Kherson declared they are creating "election commissions" in preparation for a referendum to be held, most likely, on 11 September. Tensions in the Kherson region are particularly keen; Ukrainian forces there are now executing a soft counteroffensive and hope to soon amplify it to a major, war-turning thrust.
Today The NY Times outlined the worst of all possible worlds. "Any referendum would be totally illegitimate ... but it would carry ominous consequences. Analysts both in Moscow and Ukraine expect that it would serve as a prelude to Mr. Putin’s officially declaring the conquered area to be Russian territory, protected by Russian nuclear weapons — making future attempts by Kyiv to drive out Russian forces potentially much more costly," wrote the Times. "The prospect of another annexation has affected the military timetable as well, putting pressure on Kyiv to try a risky counteroffensive sooner, rather than waiting for more long-range Western weapons to arrive that would raise the chances of success."
In short, Ukraine lacks a belligerent's preliminary time needed for a meticulously planned offensive. Once Putin declares the Kherson province as Russian territory and thus under the Kremlin's nuclear umbrella, the West will almost certainly run scared, severing its military support of Ukraine in the region. The most optimal time for a magnificently pivotal Ukrainian move will have been lost. Therefore time, as they say, is of the essence.
Aleksei Chesnakov, a Kremlin political adviser on Ukraine policy, told the quering Times in a written response that "The referendum scenario looks to be realistic and the priority in the absence of signals from Kyiv about readiness for negotiations on a settlement" — a readiness which, you may recall, Moscow has refused. "The legal and political vacuum, of course, needs to be filled."
In a Times interview of late June, Kherson's Mayor Ihor Kolykhaiev said Russian propaganda and feelings of Kyiv's abandonment among five or 10 percent of the city's population, mainly pensioners and the poor, are "something [that] is changing in relationships.... This is an irreversible process that will happen in the future" and, he added, "that’s what I’m really worried about. Then it will be almost impossible to restore it." The Times followed up with this: "Days later, his assistant announced he had been abducted by pro-Russian occupying forces. As of Friday, he had not been heard from."
I'll forego my usual fulmination over the West's seeming indifference to Ukraine's plight on the southern front, where it has an excellent opportunity to strike Russia hard with sufficient imported weaponry, which it lacks. I'll simply note that the Ukrainians' guns of August, it seems, will fall tragically short.